# Grammar for Python 2.6 # Note: Changing the grammar specified in this file will most likely # require corresponding changes in the parser module # (../Modules/parsermodule.c). If you can't make the changes to # that module yourself, please co-ordinate the required changes # with someone who can; ask around on python-dev for help. Fred # Drake will probably be listening there. # NOTE WELL: You should also follow all the steps listed in PEP 306, # "How to Change Python's Grammar" # Start symbols for the grammar: # single_input is a single interactive statement; # file_input is a module or sequence of commands read from an input file; # eval_input is the input for the eval() and input() functions. # NB: compound_stmt in single_input is followed by extra NEWLINE! single_input ::= NEWLINE | simple_stmt | compound_stmt NEWLINE file_input ::= (NEWLINE | stmt)* ENDMARKER eval_input ::= testlist NEWLINE* ENDMARKER decorator ::= '@' dotted_name [ '(' [arglist] ')' ] NEWLINE decorators ::= decorator+ decorated ::= decorators (classdef | funcdef) funcdef ::= 'def' NAME parameters ':' suite parameters ::= '(' [varargslist] ')' varargslist ::= ((fpdef ['=' test] ',')* ('*' NAME [',' '**' NAME] | '**' NAME) | fpdef ['=' test] (',' fpdef ['=' test])* [',']) fpdef ::= NAME | '(' fplist ')' fplist ::= fpdef (',' fpdef)* [','] stmt ::= simple_stmt | compound_stmt simple_stmt ::= small_stmt (';' small_stmt)* [';'] NEWLINE small_stmt ::= (expr_stmt | print_stmt | del_stmt | pass_stmt | flow_stmt | import_stmt | global_stmt | exec_stmt | assert_stmt) expr_stmt ::= testlist (augassign (yield_expr|testlist) | ('=' (yield_expr|testlist))*) augassign ::= ('+=' | '-=' | '*=' | '/=' | '%=' | '&=' | '|=' | '^=' | '<<=' | '>>=' | '**=' | '//=') # For normal assignments, additional restrictions enforced by the interpreter print_stmt ::= 'print' ( [ test (',' test)* [','] ] | '>>' test [ (',' test)+ [','] ] ) del_stmt ::= 'del' exprlist pass_stmt ::= 'pass' flow_stmt ::= break_stmt | continue_stmt | return_stmt | raise_stmt | yield_stmt break_stmt ::= 'break' continue_stmt ::= 'continue' return_stmt ::= 'return' [testlist] yield_stmt ::= yield_expr raise_stmt ::= 'raise' [test [',' test [',' test]]] import_stmt ::= import_name | import_from import_name ::= 'import' dotted_as_names import_from ::= ('from' ('.'* dotted_name | '.'+) 'import' ('*' | '(' import_as_names ')' | import_as_names)) import_as_name ::= NAME ['as' NAME] dotted_as_name ::= dotted_name ['as' NAME] import_as_names ::= import_as_name (',' import_as_name)* [','] dotted_as_names ::= dotted_as_name (',' dotted_as_name)* dotted_name ::= NAME ('.' NAME)* global_stmt ::= 'global' NAME (',' NAME)* exec_stmt ::= 'exec' expr ['in' test [',' test]] assert_stmt ::= 'assert' test [',' test] compound_stmt ::= if_stmt | while_stmt | for_stmt | try_stmt | with_stmt | funcdef | classdef | decorated if_stmt ::= 'if' test ':' suite ('elif' test ':' suite)* ['else' ':' suite] while_stmt ::= 'while' test ':' suite ['else' ':' suite] for_stmt ::= 'for' exprlist 'in' testlist ':' suite ['else' ':' suite] try_stmt ::= ('try' ':' suite ((except_clause ':' suite)+ ['else' ':' suite] ['finally' ':' suite] | 'finally' ':' suite)) with_stmt ::= 'with' test [ with_var ] ':' suite with_var ::= 'as' expr # NB compile.c makes sure that the default except clause is last except_clause ::= 'except' [test [('as' | ',') test]] suite ::= simple_stmt | NEWLINE INDENT stmt+ DEDENT # Backward compatibility cruft to support: # [ x for x in lambda : True, lambda : False if x() ] # even while also allowing: # lambda x : 5 if x else 2 # (But not a mix of the two) testlist_safe ::= old_test [(',' old_test)+ [',']] old_test ::= or_test | old_lambdef old_lambdef ::= 'lambda' [varargslist] ':' old_test test ::= or_test ['if' or_test 'else' test] | lambdef or_test ::= and_test ('or' and_test)* and_test ::= not_test ('and' not_test)* not_test ::= 'not' not_test | comparison comparison ::= expr (comp_op expr)* comp_op ::= '<'|'>'|'=='|'>='|'<='|'<>'|'!='|'in'|'not' 'in'|'is'|'is' 'not' expr ::= xor_expr ('|' xor_expr)* xor_expr ::= and_expr ('^' and_expr)* and_expr ::= shift_expr ('&' shift_expr)* shift_expr ::= arith_expr (('<<'|'>>') arith_expr)* arith_expr ::= term (('+'|'-') term)* term ::= factor (('*'|'/'|'%'|'//') factor)* factor ::= ('+'|'-'|'~') factor | power power ::= atom trailer* ['**' factor] atom ::= ('(' [yield_expr|testlist_gexp] ')' | '[' [listmaker] ']' | '{' [dictmaker] '}' | '`' testlist1 '`' | NAME | NUMBER | STRING+) listmaker ::= test ( list_for | (',' test)* [','] ) testlist_gexp ::= test ( gen_for | (',' test)* [','] ) lambdef ::= 'lambda' [varargslist] ':' test trailer ::= '(' [arglist] ')' | '[' subscriptlist ']' | '.' NAME subscriptlist ::= subscript (',' subscript)* [','] subscript ::= '.' '.' '.' | test | [test] ':' [test] [sliceop] sliceop ::= ':' [test] exprlist ::= expr (',' expr)* [','] testlist ::= test (',' test)* [','] dictmaker ::= test ':' test (',' test ':' test)* [','] classdef ::= 'class' NAME ['(' [testlist] ')'] ':' suite arglist ::= (argument ',')* (argument [','] | '*' test (',' argument)* [',' '**' test] | '**' test) # Really [keyword '='] test argument ::= test [gen_for] | test '=' test list_iter ::= list_for | list_if list_for ::= 'for' exprlist 'in' testlist_safe [list_iter] list_if ::= 'if' old_test [list_iter] gen_iter ::= gen_for | gen_if gen_for ::= 'for' exprlist 'in' or_test [gen_iter] gen_if ::= 'if' old_test [gen_iter] testlist1 ::= test (',' test)* # not used in grammar, but may appear in "node" passed from Parser to Compiler encoding_decl ::= NAME yield_expr ::= 'yield' [testlist]